Tuesday, December 18, 2012

Final Paper



ZeYu Chen
English 191
Final Paper
12/18/2012
The difference between Chinese Spring Festival and Christmas in U.S
There are many differences between the Chinese Spring Festival and the Christmas in U.S. A festival is specified as a special occasion on which people may give thanks for a harvest, pay respect to the dead, and celebrate a culture. Every nation has its own traditional festivals. Those festivals give people a chance to be happy with family and develop friendships. Particularly, the Spring Festival and Christmas are important to Chinese and American people. However, there are many differences between the two festivals which are the different histories, celebrations and food.
First, let me introduce these two festivals. Christmas is an annual commemoration of the birth of Jesus Christ and a widely observed holiday, celebrated generally on December 25 by millions of people around the world. A feast central to the Christian liturgical year, it closes the Advent season and initiates the twelve days of Christmastide. Christmas is a civil holiday in many of the world's nations, is celebrated by an increasing number of non-Christians,  and is an integral part of the Christmas and holiday season. The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is the time for all family members get together, just like Christmas in U.S. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded by the home returnees.(1)
The most important difference between Chinese spring festival and American Christmas is history. Christmas is on December 25th which is the birthday of Jesus Christ. It is earlier than Spring Festival which depends on the moon. Also, it has an interesting story from the Bible. One day, an angel appeared to shepherds and told them a secret that a Savior had been born to Mary and Joseph in a stable in Bethlehem. Some intelligent men from the east used a mysterious star to find the baby Jesus and they sacrificed many treasures for the baby. In the early 17th century, a wave of religious reform changed the way Christmas was celebrated early American Christmas - winter holiday in Europe. When Oliver Cromwell and his Puritan forces took over England in 1645, they vowed to rid England of decadence and, as part of their effort, cancelled Christmas. By popular demand, Charles II was restored to the throne and, with him, came the return of the popular holiday. An outlaw Christmas after the American Revolution, English customs fell out of favor, including Christmas. In fact, Congress was in session on December 25, 1789, the first Christmas under America’s new constitution. Christmas wasn’t declared a federal holiday until June 26, 1870.(2) In comparison, the Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st month of the Chinese lunar calendar. It originated in the Shang dynasty from people who had scarified for gods that protect the agriculture. Also, the Chinese Spring Festival has a mythic story. The centuries-old legend on the origins of the New Year celebration varies from teller to teller, but they all include a story of a terrible mythical monster that preyed on villagers. The lion-like monster’s name was Nian which is also the Chinese word for “year."The stories also all include a wise old man who counsels the villagers to ward off the evil Nian by making loud noises with drums and firecrackers and hanging red paper cutouts and scrolls on their doors because for some reason, the Nian is scared of the color red. The villagers took the old man’s advice and the Nian was conquered. On the anniversary of the date, the Chinese recognize the “passing of the Nian” known in Chinese as guo nian , which is also synonymous with celebrating the new year.
The other difference between these festivals is celebration. Chinese Spring Festival has many interesting things which including clean house, decorations, pay a New Year call, and the gifts. New clothes, cute hair, and Spring Festival couplets are indispensable for Chinese people to prepare the Spring Festival. People in China consider it is very important to clean house completely before the Spring Festival. It means that sweeping the bad luck away and there will be many people visit their home during the festival. After they clean the house, people usually like to paint the door to red, it means welcome the lucky.(3) Furthermore, different cities have different ways of celebrations the Spring Festival. For instance, in my hometown, which is Nanjing located in Jiangsu province, we have to burn joss-sticks for own ancestors who made own family, this celebration will be done within three days with one day at home and two days outside. However, for American Christmas, most of people will decorate the Christmas tree and singing the Christmas music that are differences between Spring Festival which do not have official music. Many gift cards will be sent out to family and friends, and house will be decorated as Christmas science. On the other hand, people have to pay a New Year call for every family with good relationships with them. They would like to make a party in their home to develop the friendships. This point is the same Chinese Spring Festival. The gifts will be given to children at the Christmas day by the mythical Santa who has a white bear, a red suit and rides the sled from the North Pole. Most children believe that Santa will give different gifts for different children who are excellent in their study. It is different between the Chinese gifts from for children when they celebrate the Spring Festive. In China, the gifts will be called “HongBao” that put some money on the red packet for the children when elders firstly meet the children during the Spring Festival with blessing them will be much better than before. Meanwhile, the children respect their elders with blessing them will be younger. Furthermore, the firework is used everywhere, and some typical activities such as dragon lantern dancing and lion dancing are in the different cities depend on the culture of that city.
 Finally, perhaps the most striking difference between spring festival and Christmas are food. Chinese New Year Foods are very important to Chinese people. All family members come together to eat at this time. Chinese New Year foods are not only delicious but it is traditional to eat certain foods over this festival. As I know, in China there are 57 races which have many different foods to celebrate the Spring Festival. During the Spring Festival, people always make Chinese dumplings by themselves every home. With a long history of more than 1,800 years, dumplings are a traditional food widely popular in China. It generally consists of minced meat and finely-chopped vegetables wrapped into a thin and elastic piece of dough skin. Popular fillings are mince pork, diced shrimp, fish, ground chicken, beef, and vegetables. At the same time, people also will buy some glutinous rice cake from shops. In Chinese the this kind of cake named ‘nian gao,’ it means getting higher year by year. In Chinese people's mind, the higher you are, the more prosperous your business is. As a result it is very popular during Spring Festival. Compare with Christmas in America, the food there are tend to western food. Actually, there is not any traditional food in Christmas in America without turkey and Christmas cake.(4) For Americans, it cannot be called Christmas if there is no turkey during Christmas. Turkey plays a important role of traditional food in U.S. As before, turkey is only symbol the thanksgiving, but now it extends to Christmas. On the other hand, food still plays an important part in the American Christmas. It is often a time of an extended open house with friends dropping by to bring gifts or just to wish everyone a happy holiday. At this time it is appropriate to offer these guests food and beverage, so many homes have a variety of treats prepared in advance for these occasions. Although many families serve a variety of menus for Christmas dinner, the standard fare seems to include turkey, dressing, potatoes, gravy, cranberry sauce, vegetables, a salad and some sort of dessert.
Not only every festival has different means, but also it is significant. Nowadays, people have made many culture associations that will promote more people to communicate the different cultures. As we knew the differences between Spring Festival and Christmas are histories, celebrations, and foot. Moreover, I hope more people will get the values from these two historical festivals which are symbolical.


Reference:
(3)   Fabian Fairdeal “China Adventure” 2009, published by Author House 8/27/2009  12/10/2012

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